2012年11月22日 星期四

文章轉承 (Transition)

  1. 結果
    • Therefore
    • As a result
      • As a result, there is a special requirement for switching frequency in order to achieve constant output impedance design.
    • Consequently
    • Thus
    • Hence
    • As a consequence
      • As a consequence the computation time results to be equal to 3*Tsys.
  2. 舉例
    • For example
      • For example, in [42], referring to Fig. 17, the inductor current and output voltage deviation is sampled twice following the load transient.
    • For instance
      • For instance, a comparative investigation on the use of random modulation techniques for dc/dc converters was presented in [].
    • Specifically
    • As an illustration
  3. 比較
    • Similarly
    • Likewise
  4. 對比
    • But
    • Yet
    • Still
    • However
      • Howerever, the power dissipation on the droop resistor is so significant that this method is no longer suibable for today’s and future high-current VRMs.
    • Nevertheless
    • On the other hand
    • Unfortunately
      • Unfortunately, the values of many components in the power train of a VR converter have a wide uncertainty.
    • On the contrary (相反)
      • On the contrary, the digital PWM loop determines the duty cycle when the output voltage is smaller than Vm.
      • On the contrary, randomized switching schemes for converters generally produce average harmonic spectra consisting of both discrete harmonics and continuous noise.
  5. 增加
    • Moreover
    • Furthermore
    • Also
    • Too
    • Besides
    • In addition
  6. 時間
    • Later
    • Now
    • Meanwhile
    • Since then
    • After that
    • Before that time
  7. 順序
    • First
    • Second
    • Third
    • Then
      • If an output dc level of D is desired, then an average duty cycle of D needs to be maintained by the switching schcme.
    • Next
    • Finally
  8. 因為
    • Since
      • Since these devices have widely varying workloads, techniques such as dynamic voltage scaling (DVS) and dynamic frequency scaling (DFS) have been explored and have shown to provide significant energy savings, while meeting performance requirements [1].
      • Since an FPGA-based controller can offer advantages in terms of speed, power consumption, and cost over the microprocessor-based approach, we concentrate on the FPGA design of modules that are required in this case study.
    • Because
    • Due to
      • Due to the sample and hold effect, the comparison with Vc generates duty cycle errors both in steady state and in transient.
    • In that
    • Now that
  9. 因此
    • So
    • Hence
    • Therefore
    • Consequently
    • For this reason
      • For this reason, in this paper, an adpative mechanism is presented in order to tune the feedforward path with the objective of minimizing the voltage error.
    • However
    • Nevertheless
  10. 概念上
    • Conceptually
      • Conceptually, a VRM with an ideal voltage source output in series with a constant droop resistor can achieve AVP easily.
  11. 關於這一點;在這種情況下
      • In this situation, the increse in leakage energy due to the increasing operation time will be much larger than the reduction in switching energy resulting from a decreased supply voltage.